@InProceedings{Valeriano:2003:CuVeMo,
               author = "Valeriano, M{\'a}rcio de Morisson",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Curvatura vertical de modelos digitais de eleva{\c{c}}{\~a}o",
            booktitle = "Anais...",
                 year = "2003",
               editor = "Epiphanio, Jos{\'e} Carlos Neves and Fonseca, Leila Maria 
                         Garcia",
                pages = "409--411",
         organization = "Simp{\'o}sio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto, 11. (SBSR).",
            publisher = "INPE",
              address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
             keywords = "geoprocessing, watersheds, DEM, profile curvature.",
             abstract = "A simple approach to map profile curvature from Digital Elevation 
                         Models (DEM) with common tools of Geographical Information Systems 
                         (GIS) is described. This method is based on local 3x3 pixel 
                         windows and designed to perform geometrically the second order 
                         derivative through the downslope profile. Contour-based kriged DEM 
                         of six watersheds, from different terrain types and with varied 
                         data specifications, were used for the tests. To program 
                         universally flexible procedures, the curvature calculation 
                         required the DEM spatial resolution as one of the inputs, so as to 
                         calculate a comparable absolute value, with slope difference (in 
                         percentage ratio) per horizontal distance (100m) as unit. The 
                         classification of slope direction in octants was used to control 
                         the overlapping derivation results, calculated towards the eight 
                         neighbor pixels of each windowed position. The placement of 
                         boundaries with guidance from visual analysis of known slope forms 
                         assisted the establishment of arbitrary curvature thresholds for 
                         the slope profile classes (concave, convex and rectilinear).",
  conference-location = "Belo Horizonte",
      conference-year = "5-10 abr. 2003",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
                 isbn = "85-17-00017-X",
             language = "Portuguese",
         organisation = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais",
                  ibi = "ltid.inpe.br/sbsr/2002/11.11.17.53",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/ltid.inpe.br/sbsr/2002/11.11.17.53",
           targetfile = "03_065.pdf",
                 type = "Cartografia / Cartography",
        urlaccessdate = "2025, Feb. 08"
}